Distilling apparatus



July 1932- s. l. CHARLESWORTH ET AL. 1,868,625

DISTILLING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 15, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 iZe/r war/My,

July 2-6, 1932- s. CHARLESWORTH ET AL 1,868,625

' K D'ISTILLING APPARATUS July 26, 1932 S. l. CHARLESWQRTH ET AL DI STILLING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 15, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented July 26, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE STANTON I. CEARLESWORTH, ARCH W. HARRIS D CARL P.

. OHIO LINDER, or CLEVELAND,

DISTILLING APPARATUS This invention relates to dry distilling apparatus for use in laboratories for carrying out methods of progressive dry distillation of coal and the like to determine the relative yields of coke and by-products, and has for its object the provision of an improved appartus of this class which will simulate as nearly as possible the conditions under which coal is distilled in the modern by-product m coke oven.

Heretofore, apparatus of the class described have been provided with various types of burners adapted to be regulated toapply progressive heat to the coal, and the oper- 15 ation has never approached the conditions existing in the standard by-product ovens.

The present invention' provides a novel burner adapted to give a constant flame, and also provides means for controlling the apg. plication of the flame to the coal tube.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical section therethrough.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional elevation on the line IIIIII of Figure 2.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 2 designates the end walls 30 of the furnace which serve as legs. A pair of bottom members 3 extend between the ends and a pair of spaced combined refractory side and top walls 4 are mounted between the ends 2 at a point materially above the bottom members 3. The space between the members 4 and 3 is closed by nichrome side members 5. The space surrounded by the members 3, 4 and 5 forms a heating chamber. Tie rods 6 are provided for tying the end members 2together.

A nichrome protectedasbestos partition wall 7 is proyided in the heating chamber at a point adjacent the forward end thereof, so as to divide the heating chamber into separate heating zones. I

A pair of burners A and B are provided for supplying heat to the separate heating zones of the heating chamber. The burners each comprise'a manifold supply pipe 8 hav- 50 ing a series of vertical mixing tubes 9 mountedv thereon and arranged side by-side in close proximity to each other. The tubes 9 communicate with the manifold supply pipes 8 through ports controlled b' needle valves 10 and air is admitted to t e tubes 9 through air ports 12 in the tube side walls. The upper ends of the mixing tubes 9 are mounted in a casting provided with a series of tubular u wardly flaring cells 13, one of said tubes belng mounted in each of said cells so that said cells form a continuation of said tubes. The. casting has an integral cover portion 14 extending over all of said cells and provided with relatively fine closely spaced apertures 15 through which the combustible mixture of air and gas passes and above which it is burned. The apertures 15 serve to break up the air and gas mixture as it is delivered into the flame area so as to provide a constant and intense flame of equal volume along the entire burner.

The individual needle valves 10 for controlling the gas supply to each mixing tube provide for the adjustment of the flame all along the burner, thereby insuring an even. flame.

A fused transparent silica tube 16 is mounted in the heating chamber and extends from the forward end rearwardly through the par tition wall 7 and into the rear heating zone. The rear end of the tube 16 is closed while the forward end is open to permit charging and allow the products of distillation to pass from the tube through a standard train of laboratory testing apparatus (not shown) The portion of the tube 16 which extends rearwardly from the partition wall 7 and is above the burner A. is adapted to contain a quantity of finely divided coal 17 to be distilled. "An asbestos plug 18 of long fiber asbestos rolled up in the hand to a thickness of one-half inch is loosely placed in the tube 16 adjacent the rear side 0 the partition 7. A second similar plug 19 is preferably spaced slightly forward of the plug 18.

A short length of the tube 16 forward of the plug 19 is filled with a quantity of finely divided silica brick 20, and a third plug 21 similar to the plugs 18 and 19 1s mounted immediately forward of the brick 20 to hold the 1 is to give conditions in the tube for the gases similar to those in a coke oven. 1

The coal 17 in the tube 16 is leveled by a slight tapping of the tubeso as to provide a free open passage 22 for the evolved gases.

The forwardmost plug 21 has a small hole 23 formed therein to permit the free passage of the gases therethrough.

The space or length of the tube 16 forward of the plug'21 has a sleeve 24 telescopically mounted therein, known as the tar sleeve, and

, is adapted to receive the tar deposited by the outgoing gases resulting from the distillation of the coal.

A water-jacket 25 is telescopically mounted on the rear or coal containing portion of the tube 16 and is adapted to have water circulated therethrough from the conduits 26 and 27. When the apparatus is assembled the jacket 25 is telescoped over the tube 16 until its forward end is in close engagement with the partition wall 7 so as to protect the entire length of the tube 16 in which the coal is contained.

The water-jacket 25 is adapted to be slowly Withdrawn from the tube 16 by a clock-operated drum 28 connected by a cable 29 with 'the jacket 25. The clock-operated drum 28 is a standard piece of laboratory equipment and is adapted to wind up the cable 29 at a constant speed, therefore the jacket 25 will be withdrawn from the tube 16 at a constant speed.

In operation, the burner B is first lighted to heat'the forward end of the tube and raise drawn from the tube 16 the heatin the silica brick to a constant temperature of approximately 750 degrees centigrade. After the brick has been raised to the desired temperature, the burner A is lighted and adjusted to give a constant temperature of approximately 900 degrees centigrade. The water-jacket 25 is then withdrawn by connection with the clock-operated drum 28 so as to cause a progressive distillation of the coal as nearly as possible like that .taking place in a by-product coke oven.

After the water-jacket is completely withis continued until the distillation is comp ete.

A pyrometer' rod 30 is slidably clamped on a rod 31 carried by brackets 32 secured to member 3 of the furnace body. The pyrometer rod 30 projects through a slot 33 in the side of the furnace. and is adapted to be moved longitudinally of the furnace so as to i provide temperature readings at any point 1. Laboratory apparatus for the progressive distillation of carbonaceous material comprising an elongated horizontal furnace having two sources of heat, a heat resisting and insulating partition Wall intermediate the ends of saidfurnace and between said sources of heat, a transparent non-combustible tube in and extending longitudinally of said furnace above said sources of heat and passing through said wall, one end of said tube being closed and the other end of said tube being open to permit the material to be distilled to be charged therein, a jacket adapted tosurround said tube from its closed end forwardly to said partition, and means for withdrawing said jacket to provide a progressive heating of the material in said tube.

2. Laboratory apparatus for the progressive distillation of carbonaceous material comprising an elongated horizontal furnace having two sources of heat, a heat resisting and insulating partition wall intermediate the ends of said furnace and between said sources of heat, a transparent non-combustible tube in and extending longitudinally of said furnace above said sources of heat and passing through said wall, one end of said tube being closed and the other end of said tube being open to permit the charging of the material to be heated therein, a heat resisting and cooling jacket adapted to surround said tube from its closed end forwardly to said partition, and means for withdrawing said jacket from said tube at a constant measured speed to provide a progressive heating of the material in said tube.

3. Laboratory apparatus for the progressive distillation of carbonaceous material comprising an elongated furnace having two sources of heat, a heat resisting and insulating partition wall intermediate the ends of said furnace and between said sources of heat, a transparent non-combustible tube .in and extending longitudinallyof said furnace above said sources of heat and passing through said wall, one end of said tube being closed and the other end of said tube being open to permit the charging of the material to be heated therein, a heat resisting and cooling acket adapted to surround said tube sive distillation of coal comprising an elongated furnace having at least two sources of heat therein, a 11651: resisting and insulating partition wall intermediate the ends of said furnace and between said sources of heat, a tube in and extending longitudinally of said furnace above said sources of heat and passburners therein, a heat resisting and insulating partition wall intermediate the ends of said furnace and between said burners, a tube removably mounted in and extendin longitudinally of said furnace above sai burners and passing through'said partition wall, one end of said tube being closed and the other end of said tube being open to permit the coal and other material to be charged therein, said tube being adapted to be parspeed to provide a progressive heating of the coal in said tube.

7'. Laboratory apparatus for the progressive distillation of matter comprising an elongated furnace having burners therein, a tube in andextending longitudinally of the furnace above the burners, one end of the tube being closed and the other end being open for charging the matter to be distilled and v discharging gas, a jacket adapted to surround the closed end of said tube, and means for withdrawing the jacket to provide a progressive heating of the portion of tube normally surrounded by said jacket.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands.

STANTON I. CHARLESWORTH. ARCH W. HARRIS. CARL P. LINDER.

tially filled with finely divided coal from a point adjacent said partition wall rearwardly to its closed end and the portion of said tube from said partition wall forwardly for an appreciable distance being adapted to be filled with finely divided brick, means for separating the brick and coal, a jacket adapted to contain water and movably mounted around .said tube from said partition wall rearwardly to the closed end thereof, and means for withdrawing said jacket at a constant measured speed to provide a progressive heating of the coal in said tube;

6. Laboratory apparatus for the progres-v sive distillation of coal comprising an elon-- gated horizontal furnace havinga pair of gaseous fuel burnersmounted therein, a heat resisting and insulating partition wall in- I termediate the ends of said furnace and between said burners, a tube removably mounted in and extending longitudinally of said furnace above said burners and passin through said partition wall, and theone'en of said tube being closed and the other end being open to permit the coal and other matter to be charged therein, said tube being adapted vto be partially filled with finel y divided coal from said partition wall rearwardly to its closed end, and the portion of said tube from said partition wall forwardly for an appreciable distance being adapted to be filled with finely divided brick, orous plugs mounted in said tube for separatlng the brick' and coal, a porous plug mounted in said tube to hold said finely divided brick in place, and a second tube telescopically mounted in said first named tube in advance of said last named plug, a jacket adapted to contain water movably mounted around said tube from said partition wall rearwardly to the closed end thereof, and a clock-operated drum and cable connecting said jacket and drum for withdrawing said jacket at a constant-measured 

